What muscles make up the triceps surae?

The triceps surae is a term used to describe a group of muscles located in the calf region, primarily responsible for plantarflexion of the foot, which is the action of pointing the toes or standing on tiptoe. The anatomy of the triceps surae consists of two main muscles: the gastrocnemius and the soleus.

The gastrocnemius is a large muscle with two heads that gives the calf its prominent shape and contributes to movement during activities such as walking, running, and jumping. Beneath the gastrocnemius lies the soleus, which is a flat, broad muscle that also aids in plantarflexion. Together, these two muscles form the triceps surae, which plays a critical role in stabilization and propulsion during various lower body movements.

In contrast, the other options involve muscle groups that do not pertain to the triceps surae. The rectus femoris and vastus lateralis are part of the quadriceps group located at the front of the thigh, while the hamstrings comprise muscles situated at the back of the thigh. The biceps brachii and brachialis are muscles found in the upper arm, unrelated to the function and anatomy of the triceps surae.